How does solar energy work?

How does solar energy work?

Frame, glass, front adhesive film, solar cell, back adhesive film, back sheet and junction box are the primary components of a complete panel. The main component here is the solar cell. It is also known as photovoltaic cell. When solar energy hits it, it generates electricity; This is called Photovoltaic Effect. This single cell is not enough to generate a lot of power. So, many cells are used together to form a panel. Additional layers of glass and adhesive act as protection for the solar cells. Solar cells are made of silicon. It is basically a semiconductor that is the cause of electricity generation. A solar cell is made up of two silicon layers. There is a positive charging layer called the p-type layer and the other is a negative charging layer called the n-type layer. The n-type layer can donate electrons and this layer resists light. The p-type layer can accept electrons and since they gain extra electrons, the area created for such electrons is called hole. The p-type layer is placed below the n-type layer. Sunlight consists of particles called photons. When sunlight hits the N-layer through the glass and adheres as discussed earlier, loose electrons are released from this layer and transfer to the P-layer as holes. This creates a flow of electrons between these two layers and indirectly creates an electric current. This current flows to the junction box and from there we get the final output current.

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