Components of fire detection system At the core of a fire alarm system are the detection devices, from sophisticated intelligent smoke detectors to simple manually operated break glass units, there are a wide array of different types, but we can divide them into groups including Heat detectors Smoke detectors Carbon Monoxide detectors Multi-sensor detectors Manual Call Points Heat Detectors Heat detector can either work on a fixed temperature basis, where it will trigger an alarm if the temperature exceeds a pre-set value or they can work on the rate of change in temperature. Commonly Heat detectors work in a similar way to an electrical fuse, the detectors contain a eutectic alloy which is heat sensitive when a certain temperature is reached the alloy turns from a solid to a liquid which in turn triggers the alarm. Smoke Detectors There are three basic types of smoke detectors including Ionization Light Scattering Light Obscuring Ionization Smoke Detector Ionization Smoke detector gen

Fire alarm systems Fire alarm systems save lives and protect property. Fire alarm systems also break down because they are electrical. Class A or Class B wiring loops help the fire alarm panel to find these breakdowns (faults) before a fire, while there is time for repairs. Class B Loops In conventional Class B Loops, all devices are daisy-chained together. Bypassing a small electrical current passing through the wires, the panel supervises them, and to limit this supervising current, at the end of the daisy-chain is an end-of-line resistor. The panel constantly watches for this current.  Open Fault in the Class B wiring. Supervision tells the panel that the wiring does not go through, but also the devices further from the panel don't work. If the supervising currentstops flowing, the panel assumes a wire is broken (an open fault), and displays a trouble. When a wire breaks in Class B, the devices closest to the panel will still work, but because of the wire break, the devices furt

Intelligent building system Intelligent building system it is also known as smart buildings It is a type of building that used both technology and Process to create an environment that is safe, healthy and comfortable to every one  Intelligent building management systems (IBMS) are used to manage the technology involved in modern buildings.  Building management systems are enhanced with the internet and related IT infrastructure to create IBMS. All the management systems installed in a building are integrated in the IBMS via an Internet protocol (IP) network.  A single front-end interface is provided in the IBMS through which all the subsystems are managed. On the basis of product the IBMS market is divided into:  communication protocols,  general lighting controls,  security and access controls (to be more specific security systems include CCTV, fire alarm systems, public addressable systems and so on),  standards and data distribution,  heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)

Hot Water System And Loops Hot-Water Systems Hot-water systems use hot water to convey heat to a conditioned space. This is done using suitable heat transfer units located in the duct work or in the conditioned space. Hot-water heating systems are also called hydronic heating systems. Water Temperature Hot-water systems vary in the temperature of supply water provided and can be classified as follows Low temperature systems operate below 250° F and maintain a typical operating pressure of about 30 psi. Specifically designed low temperature water systems rated for higher pressures may be used up to 160 psi. Medium temperature systems operate at temperatures below 350°F with pressures not exceeding 150 psi. The usual water supply temperature is 250 to 325° F with a pressure rating of 150 psi. High temperature systems operate below 450° F with pressures not exceeding 300 psi. Typical operating temperatures are over 350° with pressure around 300 psi.  Each component in the high temperature