Integrated Building Management System

IBMS stands for Integrated Building Management System. An Integrated Building Management System is a single, comprehensive building management system for HVAC, lighting, security, fire and other systems. The Building Management System (BMS) can be defined as the system installed in buildings that controls and monitors the building’s mechanical and electrical equipment, such as heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting. These systems typically represent 70% of a building's energy usage. Obviously, the role of BMS is crucial in management of the building’s energy demand. Beyond controlling the internal environment of the building, the IBMS (Integrated Building Management System) covers also access control, intruder alarms, video surveillance, monitoring of fire alarm system and other systems as applicable. IBMS can be referred to as the Integrated BMS and Security System the single, uniform system for building management. Application of full IBMS brings the benefits of better indoor comfort, energy efficiency, safety and security, and most importantly, better management of all the systems under the unified system. IBMS supports efficient functional system integration and provides maximum flexibility to support any future changes in the building use.

Architecture of IBMS

The Integrated Building Management System (IBMS) shall incorporate industry standard operating systems, communication networks and protocols. The system shall be designed to be completely modular in structure and freely expandable at any stage. To ensure fault tolerant operation and robust system design, the system shall incorporate distributed control techniques and apply principles of distributed intelligence whenever applicable.

The overall system architecture comprises the following logical layers

Management Layer for system monitoring and management control layer for intelligence of the system.
Field Layer for industry standard sensors, actuators, peripherals etc.

Each layer of the system shall operate independently of the next level up, in order to allow for fault tolerant system functionality. Most importantly, the Control Layer shall operate independently without support from the Management Layer. It shall be possible to integrate BMS systems with security systems as specified in this document. The system shall enable remote monitoring, connectivity and value-adding services.

Most building automation networks consist of a primary and secondary bus which connects high-level controllers with lower-level controllers, input/output devices and a user interface. The primary and secondary bus can be BACnet, optical fiber, Ethernet, ARCNET, RS- 232, RS-485 or a wireless network. Most controllers are proprietary each company has its own controllers for specific applications. Some are designed with limited controls: for example, a simple Packaged Roof Top Unit. Others are designed to be flexible. Most have proprietary software that will work with ASHRAE's BAC net or the proprietary Lon Talk. Inputs and outputs are either analog or digital (some companies say binary). Analog inputs are used to read a variable measurement. Examples are temperature, humidity and pressure sensor which could be thermistor, 4-20mA, 0-10 volt or platinum resistance thermometer (resistance temperature detector), or wireless sensors. A digital input indicates if a device is turned ON or not. Some examples of a digital input would be a 24V DC/AC signal, an air flow switch, or a volt-free relay contact. Analog outputs control the speed or position of a device, such as a variable frequency drive, a I-P (current to pneumatics) transducer, or a valve or damper actuator. An example is a hot water valve opening up 25% to maintain a set point. Digital outputs are used to open and close relays and switches. An example would be to turn ON the parking lot lights when a photocell indicates it is dark outside.

Functions

Automatic Monitoring of Parameters
Automatic Integration of Information
Automatic Control of Facilities
Remote Single Point Supervision And Surveillance
Event Actuated And Time actuated Report Generation
Self - Diagnostics of Processes And Systems
Provision for Enhancement And Expansion
Energy Saving And Reduction In Operating Cost Due to Automation and Close Monitoring and Operation

Energy Saving

Energy saving is realized in Intelligent Buildings through controls like lights being automatically switched off and room temperature being regulated in empty rooms. Increased customer satisfaction is also met by adapting temperature and light intensity according to personal preferences. The Intelligent Building management Services reduces energy and operating cost by managing the building processes efficiently. It saves energy cost up to 20% by

Programmed start and stop
Optimal Start and stop
Load shedding
Duty Cycling
Set point reset and adjustment
Lighting control
Energy management system and
Automatic scheduling and operation of the air-conditioning and other services.

Optimization

Set-point adjustment
Control optimization
Peak load management
Trending
Remote diagnostics of system/devices
Preventive maintenance
Consumption reports for energy management and bill