Bioelectric Signal and Electrodes

Bioelectric Signals

1. After a cell is stimulated, a finite period of time is required for the cell to return to its pre-stimulus state. This period is known as ____________
a) restoration period
b) refactory period
c) regain period
d) regenerative period
Answer: refactory period
2. EKG stands for _________________
a) Electrocardiography
b) Electroencephalography
c) Electromyography
d) Electrtokinetcography
Answer: Electrocardiography
3. Source of Bioelectric potential is ____________ in nature.
a) electronic
b) electric
c) ionic
d) mechanical
Answer: ionic
4. The principal ion that is not involved with the phenomena of producing cell potentials is ______________
a) sodium
b) potassium
c) chlorine
d) hydrogen
Answer: hydrogen
5. Phonocardiography is listening to __________
a) arm muscle sound
b) lungs sound
c) heart sound
d) respiratory tract sound
Answer: heart sound
6. What is the relatively static membrane potential of quiescent cells called?
a) half-cell potential
b) action potential
c) resting membrane potential
d) cell potential
Answer: resting membrane potential
7. Cells depolarize and action potential in generated as soon as a stimulus is applied.
a) True
b) False
Answer: False
8. Palsied muscles mean _____________
a) paralyzed muscles
b) active muscles
c) voluntary muscles
d) involuntary muscles
Answer: paralyzed muscles
9. Electrooculography (EOG/E.O.G.) is a technique for measuring what?
a) abnormal function of the retina
b) heart rate
c) respiration rate
d) cornea-retinal standing potential
Answer: cornea-retinal standing potential
10. The variation of the electrical potential associated with the passage of a pulse along the membrane of a muscle cell or a nerve cell is called __________
a) muscle potential
b) action potential
c) resting potential
d) half cell potential
Answer: action potential

Recording Electrodes

1. All electrode potentials are measured with respect to which reference electrode?
a) hydrogen electrode
b) platinum electrode
c) calomel electrode
d) hydrogen absorbed on platinum electrode
Answer: hydrogen absorbed on platinum electrode
2. Which of the following is not preferred for electrode making?
a) Ag-AgCl
b) Copper
c) Stainless-steel
d) Gold
Answer: Stainless-steel
3. Electrodes make a transfer from the _________ in the tissue to the electronic conduction which is necessary to make measurements.
a) electronic conduction
b) ionic conduction
c) electric conduction
d) impulsive conduction
Answer: ionic conduction
4. Impedance pneumography is a commonly-used technique to monitor a person’s ______
a) respiration rate
b) heart rate
c) pulse rate
d) skin impedance
Answer: respiration rate
5. Which electrodes can work even after being induced to large electric discharge such as defibrillation?
a) polarizing electrodes
b) magnetic electrodes
c) non-polarizing electrodes
d) electrolytic electrodes
Answer: non-polarizing electrodes
6. From equipment point of view, the respiratory system in the human body is a _________ system.
a) hydraulic
b) pneumatic
c) mechanical
d) electrical
Answer: pneumatic
7. Electrode paste ____________
a) increases contact impedance
b) equates contact impedance
c) reduces contact impedance
d) absorbs contact impedance
Answer: reduces contact impedance
8. What is the frequency range of ECG?
a) 70-120 Hz
b) 0.05-120 Hz
c) 5-120 Hz
d) 12-120 Hz
Answer: 0.05-120 Hz
9. Deep-seated electrodes indicates the electric potential difference arising ________ the living tissues or cells.
a) inside
b) outside
c) around
d) adjacent
Answer: inside
10. What is the signal amplitude of EEG?
a) 2-200 µV
b) 2-200mV
c) 2-2000 µV
d) 2-2000mV
Answer: 2-200 µV
11. Off-set potential is _____________
a) difference in half-cell potentials between two electrodes
b) sum of half-cell potentials between two electrodes
c) average of half-cell potentials between two electrodes
d) complement of half-cell potentials between two electrodes
Answer: difference in half-cell potentials between two electrodes
12. Needle electrode is used to measure ________
a) EKG
b) EEG
c) EOG
d) EMG
Answer: EMG
13. Which of the following statement is false about polarizable electrodes?
a) they are made using stainless steel
b) used for recording resting ECG
c) retain a residual charge when exposed to large pulse of energy
d) can transmit small bioelectric signals even after getting exposed to large pulse of energy
Answer: can transmit small bioelectric signals even after getting exposed to large pulse of energy
14. Surface electrodes damage the living tissues.
a) True
b) False
Answer: False

Silver-Silver Chloride Electrodes

1. Tricuspid valve is also called _______________
a) Left Atrio-ventricular valve
b) Right Atrio-ventricular valve
c) Pulmonary valve
d) Cardiac valve
Answer: Right Atrio-ventricular valve
2. Silver -Silver Chloride electrodes are prepared by the process of ____________
a) centrifugation
b) etching
c) manually
d) electrolysis
Answer: electrolysis
3. The basic functional unit of nervous system is ____________
a) nerves
b) axon
c) neuron
d) dendrite
Answer: neuron
4. MRI stands for ____________
a) Mechanical Resonance Imaging
b) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
c) Mutually Related Imaging
d) Magnetic Resultant Imaging
Answer: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
5. Ag-AgCl electrodes are ___________
a) polarized
b) non-polarized
c) partially polarized
d) cannot be said
Answer: non-polarized
6. Electrocardiography was invented by _________
a) Willem Einthoven
b) Robert Koch
c) Werner Forssmann
d) Gertrude B.Elion
Answer: Willem Einthoven
7. On increasing the chloride deposit the Ag-AgCl electrode ______________
a) increases the impedance
b) reduces impedance
c) has no effect on impedance
d) cannot be determined
Answer: increases the impedance
8. From instruments point of view, heart is a ______ system.
a) pneumatic
b) electric
c) electronic
d) hydraulic
Answer: hydraulic
9. The interior of the neuron is at a potential of about _____ mV relative to the exterior.
a) -70
b) +70
c) -170
d) +170
Answer: -70
10. Ag-AgCl electrodes are non-polarized
a) True
b) False
Answer: True

Electrodes for ECG

1. Which of the following is considered to be the primary pacemaker of the heart?
a) sino-atrial node
b) atrio-ventricular node
c) purkinje fibres
d) bundle of his
Answer: sino-atrial node
2. Buffer amplifier converts ____________
a) low impedance signals to high impedance signals
b) high impedance signals to low impedance signals
c) ac impedance signals to dc impedance signals
d) dc impedance signals to ac impedance signals
Answer: high impedance signals to low impedance signals
3. The main design feature of pregelled disposable electrodes which helps to reduce the possibility of artefacts, drift and baseline wandering is _____________
a) low absorbency buffer layer with isotonic electrolyte
b) high absorbency buffer layer with isotonic electrolyte
c) high absorbency buffer layer without isotonic electrolyte
d) low absorbency buffer layer without isotonic electrolyte
Answer: high absorbency buffer layer with isotonic electrolyte
4. The material used in limb surface electrode is ___________
a) German silver
b) Copper
c) Gold
d) Platinum
Answer: German silver
5. In floating electrodes metal electrode does not make direct contact with the skin.
a) True
b) False
Answer: True
6. Recording electrical activities associated with heart is known as ____________
a) EEG
b) EOG
c) EMG
d) ECG
Answer: ECG
7. Welsh cup electrodes have __________
a) low contact impedance
b) negligible contact impedance
c) high contact impedance
d) zero contact impedance
Answer: high contact impedance
8. Before placing the electrodes the skin should be __________
a) wet
b) dry
c) hairy
d) oily
Answer: dry
9. Atrio ventricular node is located at __________
a) upper part of the heart wall between the two atrial
b) lower part of the heart wall above the two atrial
c) lower part of the heart wall between the two atrial
d) upper part of the heart wall above the two atrial
Answer: lower part of the heart wall between the two atrial
10. Which of the following is a wireless ECG acquiring system?
a) pregelled disposable electrodes
b) limb electrodes
c) pasteless electrodes
d) smart pad
Answer: smart pad
11. When intramuscular EMG is required to look into the electrical activities of deeper or overlaid muscles, ________ electrodes are used.
a) plate shape electrodes
b) surface electrodes
c) thin thread electrodes
d) fine wire electrodes
Answer: fine wire electrodes
12. Number of cloud deployment models that are recognized are _________
a) 2
b) 5
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: 3
13. Monopolar needle electrodes are having coatings of which material over the stainless steel wires which are bare only at the tips?
a) carbon
b) calcium
c) sodium
d) teflon
Answer: teflon
14. _______________ instrument is used to hold patients head and guide the placement of electrodes.
a) Monotaxic
b) Stereotonic
c) Stereotaxic
d) Monotonic
Answer: Stereotaxic
15. Which electrode can be used to pick up signals from individual fibers of muscle tissues?
a) biopolar needle electrode
b) concentric core needle electrode
c) multi-element needle electrode
d) monopolar needle electrode
Answer: multi-element needle electrode
16. Generally what is the material of needle electrodes?
a) stainless steel
b) copper
c) lead
d) iron
Answer: stainless steel
17. The ground electrode is usually positioned over which body structures?
a) bony
b) hairy
c) fleshy
d) sweaty
Answer: bony
18. The contraction of the skeletal muscles results in the generation of action potential in the individual muscle fibers. Record of this action potential is called ______________
a) ECG
b) EMG
c) EEG
d) EKG
Answer: EMG
19. Which of the following is a preferred electrode for measuring EMG?
a) surface electrodes
b) needle electrodes
c) pregelled electrodes
d) scalp electrodes
Answer: needle electrodes
20. Disturbance in the EEG pattern resulting from the external stimuli is called ________
a) provoked response
b) ckoored response
c) evoked response
d) impulse response
Answer: evoked response
21. According to the international 10/20 system to measure EEG, odd number denotes which side of the brain?
a) left
b) right
c) top
d) front
Answer: left
22. Letter F in the EEG electrode placement system denotes?
a) front
b) face
c) frontal lobe
d) fast
Answer: frontal lobe
23. In voluntary contraction of the skeletal muscles, the muscle potential ranges from ________
a) 50 uV – 5 mV
b) 50 mV – 5 V
c) 0.05 uV – 2 mV
d) 50 mV – 500 mV
Answer: 50 uV – 5 mV
24. Normal EEG frequency range is _______
a) 50-500Hz
b) 0.5-50HZ
c) 0.05-5Hz
d) 1-200Hz
Answer: 0.5-50HZ
25. Electrodes to measure EEG are placed on ________
a) forehead
b) scalp
c) cheek
d) ears
Answer: scalp
26. Which rhythm is the principal component of the EEG that indicates the alertness of the brain?
a) theta rhythm
b) gamma rhythm
c) beta rhythm
d) alpha rhythm
Answer: alpha rhythm
27. The delta wave in EEG ranges from ___________
a) 0.5-4Hz
b) 4-8Hz
c) 8-13Hz
d) 13-22Hz
Answer: 0.5-4Hz
28. According to the international 10/20 system to measure EEG, even number denotes which side of the brain?
a) left
b) top
c) bottom
d) right
Answer: right
29. The peak to peak amplitude of the waves that can be picked from the scalp is ______________
a) 100mV
b) 100V
c) 100uV
d) 10mV
Answer: 100mV
30. The letter T in the EEG electrode placement system denotes?
a) temporal lope
b) temper lobe
c) trace
d) timpanic
Answer: temporal lope

Microelectrodes

1. Which of the following electrode is manufactured by circumferential application of heat to a small area of glass tubing and pulling the glass when it gets soft?
a) macro metallic electrodes
b) micro metallic electrodes
c) micro pipette
d) surface electrodes
Answer: micro pipette
2. Glass microcapillaries are preferred over metallic electrodes because of the former _______
a) polarizes with input current
b) does not have sustainable current carrying capacity
c) has less contact surface area
d) has sustainable current carrying capacity
Answer: has sustainable current carrying capacity
3. Do metallic micro electrodes exist.
a) True
b) False
Answer: True
4. Glass micro-capillaries are a type of micro electrode.
a) True
b) False
Answer: True
5. Which of the following metal is preferred for manufacturing micro electrodes?
a) Stainless steel
b) Tungsten
c) Iron
d) Copper
Answer: Tungsten
6. Which type of electrodes are employed to study the electrical activities of individual cells?
a) milli-electrodes
b) micro-electrodes
c) surface-electrodes
d) pre-jelled electrodes
Answer: micro-electrodes
7. ________________ are devices which convert one form of energy into another.
a) transducers
b) electrodes
c) impulses
d) opamp
Answer: transducers
8. Metallic micro electrodes have impedance ________ compared to conventional electrodes?
a) equal
b) smaller
c) high
d) very high
Answer: very high
9. Tungsten metal is preferred for manufacturing micro electrodes
a) True
b) False
Answer: True
10. Glass microcapillaries are preferred over metallic electrodes because of the former has sustainable current carrying capacity
a) True
b) False
Answer: True