Nuclear Power Plant multiple choice questions

 Nuclear Power Plant

1. Cost of nuclear fuel in nuclear power plant economics is considered as __________

a) running cost
b) maintenance cost
c) capital cost
d) development cost
Answer: capital cost
2. What is the overall efficiency of nuclear power plant?
a) 20 to 25%
b) 25 to 30%
c) 30 to 40 %
d) 50 to 70 %
Answer: 30 to 40 %
3. With respect to the load centre which location is suitable for stablishment of nuclear power plant?
a) Load centre
b) Near load centre but at reasonable distance
c) Far away from load centre
d) Near chemical industries
Answer: Near load centre but at reasonable distance
4. Nuclear fuel in reactor lasts for __________
a) more than 5 months
b) few weeks
c) few days
d) more than 5 years
Answer: more than 5 years
5. How much coal is required to generate energy equivalent to the energy generated by 1 kg of uranium?
a) 30000 tonnes of high grade coal
b) 300 tonnes of high grade coal
c) 10000 tonnes of high grade coal
d) 3000 tonnes of high grade coal
Answer: 3000 tonnes of high grade coal 
6. Which of the following are not taken as operation and maintenance cost in economics of nuclear power plant?
a) Taxes and insurance
b) Salaries and wages of staff
c) Cost of waste disposal
d) Cost of processing materials
Answer: Taxes and insurance
7. The best capable alternative source which can meet the future energy demand is ___________
a) thermal power plant
b) nuclear power plant
c) hydroelectric power plant
d) geothermal power plant
Answer: nuclear power plant
8. Operating cost of nuclear power plant is less than thermal power plant.
a) True
b) False
Answer: True
9. The land area required for installation of nuclear power plant is ________
a) more than thermal power plant
b) less than thermal power plant
c) equel to thermal power plant
d) depends on type of construction
Answer: equel to thermal power plant
10. In economics of nuclear power plant taxes and insurance charges are taken as _______
a) operating cost
b) maintenance cost
c) capital cost
d) fixed cost
Answer: fixed cost
11. Half life of a radioactive isotope corresponds to the time required for half of the following to decay
a) electrons
b) atom
c) neutrons
d) nulceus
Answer: atom
12. Amongst the following, the fissionable materials are
a) U233andPu239
b) U23iandPu233
c) U235andPu235
d) U238andPu239
Answer: U233andPu239
13. Pressurized water reactor is designed
a) for boiling pi water in the core
b) to use liquid sodium metal as coolant
c) to use intermediate coolant
d) to prevent the water coolant from boiling in the core
Answer: to prevent the water coolant from boiling in the core
14. In boiling water reactor, moderator is
a) coolant itself
b) ferrite rod
c) graphite rod
d) liquid sodium metal
Answer: coolant itself
15. A nuclear unit becoming critical means
a) it is generating power to rated capacity
b) it is capable of generating much more than rated capacity
c) there is danger of nuclear spread
d) chain reaction that causes automatic splitting of the fuel nuclei has been established
Answer: chain reaction that causes automatic splitting of the fuel nuclei has been established
16. The efficiency of a nuclear power plant in comparison to a conventional thermal power plant is
a) same
b) more
c) less
d) may be less or mote depending on size
Answer: less
17. The efficiency of a nuclear power plant in comparison to conventional and nuclear consideration is
a) higher cost of nuclear fuel
b) high initial cost
c) high heat rejection in condenser
d) lower temperature and pressure conditions
e) nuclear hazard risk
Answer: lower temperature and pressure conditions
18. The most commonly used moderator in nuclear plants is
a) heavy water
b) graphite
c) graphite and concrete
d) deuterium
Answer: graphite
19. The presence of reflector in nuclear power plants results in
a) increased production of neutrons
b) complete absorption of neutrons
c) controlled production of neutrons
d) decreased leakage of neutrons
Answer: decreased leakage of neutrons
20. Atomic number of an element in the periodic table represents the numbers of
a) protons in the nucleus
b) electrons in me nucleus
c) neutrons in the nucleus
d) electrons in the atom
Answer: protons in the nucleus
21. The fuel needed, with reflector in nuclear power plant, in order to generate sufficient neutrons to sustain a chain reaction, would be
a) more
b) less
c) same
d) zero
Answer: less
22. Isotopes of same elements have
a) same atomic number and different masses
b) same chemical properties but different atomic numbers
c) different masses and different atomic numbers
d) different chemical properties and same atomic numbers
Answer: same chemical properties but different atomic numbers
23. The coolant used in boiling water reactor is
a) C02
b) pressurized water
c) mixture of water and steam
d) liquid metal
Answer: mixture of water and steam
24. The mass number of a substance represents the sum of total number of
a) protons and neutrons in an atom
b) protons and electrons in an atom
c) neutrons and electrons in an atom
d) protons and neutrons in a nucleus
Answer: protons and neutrons in a nucleus
25. Which is not identical for an atom and an isotope
a) mass number
b) atomic number
c) chemical properties
d) position in periodic table
Answer: mass number
26. The most practical fuel for a thermonuclear reactor, both from economical and nuclear consideration is
a) plutonium
b) uranium
c) deuterium
d) thorium
Answer: deuterium
27. The total energy released in fission of U is
a) 5 MeV
b) 10 MeV
c) 199 MeV
d) 168 MeV
Answer: 199 MeV
28. Moderator in nuclear plants is used to
a) reduce temperature
b) extract heat from nuclear reaction
c) control the reaction
d) cause collision with the fast moving neutrons to reduce their speed
Answer: cause collision with the fast moving neutrons to reduce their speed
29. All of the nuclear fuel reserve will be ended in about 400 years.
a) True
b) False
Answer: False
30. Which of the following nuclear reactor does not need a heat exchanger for generation of steam
a) gas cooled
b) liquid metal cooled
c) pressurised water
d) boiling water
Answer: boiling water
31. Boiling water reactor employs
a) boiler
b) direct cycle of coolant system
c) double circuit system of coolant cycle
d) multi pass system
Answer: direct cycle of coolant system
32. One gram of uranium will produce energy equivalent to approximately
a) 1 tonne of high grade coal
b) 4.5 tonnes of high grade coal
c) 10 tonnes of high grade coal
d) 100 tonnes of high grade coal
Answer: 4.5 tonnes of high grade coal
33. The first unclear power plant in India is located at
a) Kota
b) Kalapakkam
c) Tarapur
d) Baraeilly
Answer: Tarapur
34. The commonly used material for shielding is
a) lead or concrete
b) lead and tin
c) graphite or cadmium
d) thick galvanized sheets
Answer: lead or concrete
35. Boiling water reactor uses the following as moderator, coolant and working fluid
a) ordinary fluid
b) heavy water
c) molten lead
d) hydrogen gas
Answer: ordinary fluid
36. Breeder reactor has a conversion ratio of
a) unity
b) more than unity
c) less than unity
d) zero
Answer: more than unity
37. The nuclear power plant at Tarapur has the following reactor
a) fast breeder
b) pressurised water
c) boiling water
d) sodium graphite
Answer: boiling water
38. The number of isotopes of hydrogen are
a) 1
b) 2
c) 5
d) none of the above
Answer: none of the above
39. Ideally the neutron flux in reactor should be
a) maximum in centre and zero at side
b) maximum at side and zero in centre
c) uniform throughout
d) zero throughout
Answer: uniform throughout
40. The main interest of shielding in nuclear reactor is protection against
a) X-rays
b) infra-red rays
c) a, P, and y rays
d) neutrons and gamma rays
Answer: neutrons and gamma rays
41. In order to have constant claim reaction to produce a constant rate of heat output, the value of ratio of the number of neutrons in one generation to the number of neutrons in the immediately preceding generation must be
a) greater than 1.0
b) less than 1.0
c) equal to zero
d) equal to 1.0
Answer: equal to 1.0
42. The nuclear energy is measured as
a) MeV
b) curie
c) farads
d) MW
Answer: MeV
43. The energy required to be applied to a radioactive nucleus for the emission of a neutron is
a) 1 MeV
b) 2.4 MeV
c) 4.3 MeV
d) 7.8 MeV
Answer: 7.8 MeV
44. Effective moderators are those materials which contain
a) light weight atoms
b) heavy weight atoms
c) critical atoms
d) zero weight atoms
Answer: light weight atoms
45. Ferrite material is
a) the most fissionable material
b) the basic fuel for nuclear paints
c) basic raw material for nuclear plants
d) the material which absorbs neutrons and undergoes spontaneous changes leading to the formation of fissionable material
Answer: the material which absorbs neutrons and undergoes spontaneous changes leading to the formation of fissionable material
46. The following present serious difficulty in designing reactor shield
a) alpha particles
b) beta particles
c) thermal neutrons
d) fast neutrons and gamma rays
Answer: fast neutrons and gamma rays
47. Which of the following particles is the lightest
a) nucleus
b) electron
c) proton
d) meson
Answer: electron
48. In a fission process, maximum %age of energy is released as
a) kinetic energy of neutrons
b) kinetic energy of fission products
c) instantaneous release of gamma rays
d) gradual radioactive decay of fission products
Answer: kinetic energy of fission products
49. Reflector in nuclear plants is used to
a) return the neutrons back into the core
b) shield the radioactivity completely
c) check polllution
d) conserve energy
Answer: return the neutrons back into the core
50. Each fission of U235 produces following number of fast neutrons per fission
a) 1 neutron
b) 1 neutrons
c) 1 2 neutrons
d) 2 neutrons
Answer: 2 neutrons
51. A fast breeder reactor uses following as fuel
a) enriched uranium
b) plutonium
c) thorium
d) U235
Answer: U235
52. A boiling water reactor uses following as fuel
a) enriched uranium
b) plutonium
c) thorium
d) U
Answer: enriched uranium
53. A nuclear fission produces energy of following order in MeV
a) 20
b) 200
c) 2000
d) 20,000
Answer: 200
54. Artificial radioactive isotopes find application in
a) power generation
b) medical field
c) nuclear fission
d) nuclear fusion
Answer: medical field
55. Which of the following are ferrite materials
a) U233andPu239
b) U
c) U238andPu239
d) U238andTh239
Answer: U
56. Enriched uranium is one in which
a) %age of U235 has been artificially in-creased
b) %age of U has been artificially in¬creased
c) %age of U234 has been artificially in-creased
d) extra energy is pumped from outside
Answer: %age of U235 has been artificially in-creased
57. Which of the following is the heaviest
a) neutron
b) proton
c) atom
d) electron
Answer: atom
58. In nuclear fission
a) the original elements change into completely different elements
b) the electrons of the element change
c) the molecules rearrange themselves to form other molecules
d) none of the above
Answer: the original elements change into completely different elements
59. In fast breeder reactors
a) any type of moderator can be used
b) moderator is dispensed with
c) heavy water is used as the moderator
d) moderator may or may not be used
Answer: moderator is dispensed with
60. A fast breeder reactor
a) uses graphite rods as moderator
b) has powerful moderator
(c) has no moderator
(d) uses ferrite material as moderator
Answer: has no moderator
61. Gas cooled reactor uses following materials as moderator, and coolant
a) graphite, C02
b) graphite, air
c) heavy water, C02
d) lead, H2
Answer: graphite, C02
62. In nuclear fission each neutron that causes fission releases
a) no new neutron
b) at least one new neutron
c) one new neutron
d) more than one new neutrons
Answer: more than one new neutrons
63. A fast breeder reactor uses
a) 90% U-235
b) U-238
c) U-235
d) Pu-239
Answer: 90% U-235
64. The breeding gain in case of thermal breeder reactor as compared to fast breeder reactor is
a) same
b) lower
c) higher
d) unity
Answer: lower
65. Reactors for propulsion applications use
a) natural uranium
b) molten lead
c) any form of uranium
d) thorium
Answer: molten lead
66. The process by which a heavy nucleus is splitted into two light nuclei is known as
a) splitting
b) fission
c) fusion
d) disintegration
Answer: fission
67. Fast breeder reactor uses
a) boiler
b) direct cycle of coolant system
c) double circuit system of coolant cycle
d) multi pass system
Answer: double circuit system of coolant cycle
68. The fast breeder reactor uses the following moderator
a) demineralised water
b) no moderator is used
c) heavy water
d) graphite
Answer: no moderator is used
69. Enriched uranium may contain fissionable contents of the order of
a) 1-99%
b) 1-25%
c) 1-50%
d) 1-75%
Answer: 1-99%
70. Breeder reactors employ liquid metal coolant because it
a) acts as good moderator
b) produces maximum steam
c) transfers heat from core at a fast rate
d) breeds neutrons 
Answer: transfers heat from core at a fast rate
71. U235 will undergo fission by
a) high energy (fast) neutrons alone
b) low energy (slow) neutrons alone
c) either fast or slow neutrons
d) medium energy neutrons
Answer: either fast or slow neutrons
72. The function of control rods in nuclear plants is to
a) control temperature
b) control radioactive pollution
c) control absorption of neutron
d) control fuel consumption
Answer: control absorption of neutron
73. Plutonium-239 is produced
a) as basic raw material
b) by neutron irradiation of IT
c) by neutron irradiation of thorium
d) artificially
Answer: by neutron irradiation of IT
74. A nuclear fission is initiated when the critical energy as compared to neutron binding energy of the atoms is
a) same
b) more
c) less
d) there is no such criterion
Answer: more
75. A reactor capable of converting a ferrite material into fissile isotopes is called
a) regenerative reactor
b) fast breeder reactor
c) breeder reactor
d) boiling water reactor
Answer: regenerative reactor
76. Hydrogen is preferred as better coolant in comparison to C02 because former
a) is lighter
b) is inert
c) has high specific heat
d) is a good conductor
Answer: has high specific heat
77. Natural uranium is made up of
a) 99.282% U238, 0.712% U235, 0.006% U234
b) 99.282% U235, 0.712% U238, 0.06%’ U234
c) 99.282% U234, 0.712% U238, 0.006% U235
d) 99.282% U235, 0.712% U234, 0.006% U238
Answer: 99.282% U238, 0.712% U235, 0.006% U234
78. The risk of radioactive hazard is greatest in the turbine with following reactor
a) pressurized water
b) boiling water
c) gas cooled
d) liquid metal cooled
Answer: boiling water
79. Plutonium is produced
a) as basic raw material
b) by neutron irradiation of Uz
c) by neutron irradiation of thorium
d) artificially
Answer: by neutron irradiation of Uz
80. Electron-volt is the unit of
a) atomic power
b) energy
c) voltage
d) radio activity
Answer: energy
81. Pick up the wrong statement
a) In a heterogeneous or solid-fuel reactor, the fuel is mixed in a regular pattern within moderator.
b) Slow or thermal neutrons have energy of the order or 0.025 eV
c) Fast neutrons have energies above 1000 eV
d) Fast reactor uses moderator
Answer: Fast reactor uses moderator
82. The unit of radio-activity is
a) electron-volt
b) electron-ampere
c) curie
d) MeV
Answer: curie
83. Pick up the wrong statement Fast breeder reactors
a) operate at extremely high power densities.
b) use water as coolant
c) produce more fuel than they consume
d) are unmoderated
Answer: use water as coolant
84. Uranium-233 is produced
a) as basic raw material
b) by neutron irradiation of Uz
c) by neutron irradiation of thorium
d) artificially
Answer:  by neutron irradiation of thorium
85. U238 will undergo fission by
a) high energy (fast) neutrons alone
b) low energy (slow) neutrons alone
c) either fast or slow neutrons
d) medium energy neutrons
Answer: high energy (fast) neutrons alone
86. Which of the following is the primary fuel
a) Ulii
b) U
c) U238
d) Pu
Answer: U
87. Solid- fuel for nuclear reactions may be fabricated into various small shapes such as
a) plates
b) pallets
c) pins
d) any one of the above
Answer: any one of the above
88. Which of the following can be used as a coolant in nuclear plant
a) light or heavy water
b) molten lead
c) carbon dioxide
d) freon
Answer: light or heavy water
89. The size of the reactor is said to be critical when
a) chain reaction can be initiated
b) it becomes uncontrollable
c) it explodes
d) it produces no power
Answer: chain reaction can be initiated
90. In triggering fission, which type of neutrons are more effective
a) fast
b) slow
c) in bulk
d) static
Answer: slow
91. For economical operation of a nuclear plant
a) used fuel should be reprocessed
b) moderator should be used
c) coolant should be employed
d) control rods should be used
Answer: used fuel should be reprocessed
92. Which of the following type of pump is used in liquid metal cooled reactor for circulation of liquid metal
a) centrifugal
b) axial
c) reciprocation
d) electromagnetic
Answer: electromagnetic
93. When a reactor becomes critical, then the production of neutrons is
a) infinite
b) zero
c) exactly balanced by the loss of neutrons through leakage
d) initiated
Answer: exactly balanced by the loss of neutrons through leakage
94. Which of the following is secondary fuel
a) Th232andU238
b) U233andPu239
c) U233andPu238
d) none of the above
Answer: U233andPu238
95. In the breeder reactors the generation of new fissionable atom is
a) at the lower rate than the consumption
b) at a higher rate than the constuption
c) at an equal rate of the consumption
d) depends on other considerations
Answer: at a higher rate than the constuption
96. Reactors designed for propulsion applications are designed for
a) natural uranium
b) enriched uranium
c) pure uranium
d) any type of uranium
Answer: enriched uranium
97. Superheated steam is generated in following reactor
a) boiling water
b) gas cooled
c) pressurized water
d) all of the above
Answer: gas cooled
98. A pressurized water reactor employs pressurizer for the following application
a) to maintain constant pressure in primary circuit under varying load
b) to Supply high pressure steam
c) to increase pressure of water in primary circuit
d) to provide subcooled water at high pressure
Answer: to maintain constant pressure in primary circuit under varying load
99. Which of the following is more appropriate for a moderator. One which
a) does not absorb neutrons
b) absorbs neutrons
c) accelerates neutrons
d) eats up neutrons
Answer: does not absorb neutrons
100. The energy produced by a thermal reactor of same size as a breeder reactor is
a) almost same
b) slightly more
c) slightly less
d) much less
Answer: much less